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AAAAPSF: |
American Association for Accreditation of Ambulatory Plastic Surgery Facilities |
AAASF:
Association for Accreditation of Ambulatory Surgical Facilities
AAAHC:
American Association for Ambulatory Health Care
AABB:
American Association of Blood Banks
AAP:
American Academy of Pediatrics
ABCs:
airway, breathing, and circulation
ABL:
allowable blood loss
ABMS:
American Board of Medical Specialties
ABS:
amniotic band syndrome
ACD:
active compression—decompression
ACh:
acetylcholine
ACE:
alcohol, chloroform, and ether
ACE:
angiotensin-converting enzyme
ACLS:
advanced cardiac life support
ACT:
activated coagulation (clotting) time
ADARPEF:
French-Language Society of Pediatric Anesthesiologists
ADH:
antidiuretic hormone
ADHR:
autosomal dominant hypophosphatemic rickets
ADP:
adenosine diphosphate
AED:
automated external defibrillator
AGA:
appropriate-for-gestational age
AHA:
American Heart Association
AHCPR:
Agency for Health Care Policy and Research
AIMS:
Australian Incident Monitoring Study
ALG:
antilymphocyte globulin
ALTE:
apparent life-threatening event(s)
AMA:
American Medical Association
AMC:
arthrogryposis multiplex congenita
AMP:
adenosine monophosphate
ANA:
antinuclear antibody
ANH:
acute isovolemic or normovolemic hemodilution
ANP:
atrial natriuretic peptide
AP:
action potential
APC:
activated protein C
APSF:
Anesthesia Patient Safety Foundation
aPTT:
activated partial thromboplastin time
AQ:
acoustic quantification
αAR:
α-adrenergic receptor
ARDS:
adult (acute) respiratory distress syndrome
ARF:
acute renal failure
ASA:
American Society of Anesthesiologists
ASC:
ambulatory surgery center
ASD:
atrial septal defect
ASPRS:
American Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
ASTM:
American Society for Testing and Materials
ATG:
antithymocyte globulin
ATLS:
advanced trauma life support (Advanced Trauma Life Support as course name)
ATN:
acute tubular necrosis
ATP:
adenosine triphosphate
AV:
atrioventricular
AVM:
arteriovenous malformation
AVP:
L-arginine vasopressin
AVPU:
Alert, responds to Voice, responds only to Pain, Unresponsive to stimuli
AVSD:
atrioventricular septal defect
AVV:
atrioventricular valve
BAEP:
brainstem auditory evoked potential
Bi-PAP:
bilevel positive airway pressure
BIS:
bispectral index
BLS:
basic life support
BMI:
body mass index
BMP:
bone morphogenetic protein
BP:
blood pressure
BPD:
bronchopulmonary dysplasia
BSA:
body surface area
BSEP:
brainstem somatosensory evoked potential
cAMP:
cyclic adenosine monophosphate
Cao2:
arterial oxygen content
CaSR:
Ca2+-sensing receptor
CBF:
cerebral blood flow
CBC:
complete blood cell count
CCAM:
congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation
CCD:
cortical collecting duct
CCD:
central core disease
CCL:
cardiac cycle length
CCP:
cerebral perfusion pressure
CDC:
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
CDH:
congenital diaphragmatic hernia
CE:
chloroform and ether
CEPOD:
Confidential Enquiry into Perioperative Deaths
cGMP:
cyclic guanosine monophosphate
CHAOS:
congenital high airway obstruction syndrome
CHCT:
caffeine-halothane contracture test
CHD:
congenital heart disease
CHEOPS:
Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Pain Scale
CI:
cardiac index
CK:
creatinine kinase
CL:
compliance of lungs
CMAP:
compound muscle action potential
CMRo2:
cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen
CMS:
Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services
CMV:
cytomegalovirus
CNAP:
compound nerve action potential
CNS:
central nervous system
CO:
cardiac output
COPD:
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
COPA:
cuffed oropharyngeal airway
COPRA:
Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1986
COX:
cyclooxygenase
CP:
cerebral palsy
CPAP:
continuous positive airway pressure
CPB:
cardiopulmonary bypass
CPD:
citrate-phosphate-dextrose
CPP:
cerebral perfusion pressure
CPR:
cardiopulmonary resuscitation
CPss50:
steady-state plasma concentration associated with 50% neuromuscular blockade
CrCl:
creatinine clearance
Cr-EDTA:
51Cr-ethylenediaminetetra-acetic acid
CRIES:
Crying Requires oxygen Increased vital signs Expression Sleep (scale)
CRNA:
certified registered nurse anesthetist
CRNP:
certified registered nurse practitioner
CRPS:
complex regional pain syndrome
CRS:
compliance of respiratory system
CSC:
caffeine-specific concentration
CSF:
cerebrospinal fluid
CT:
computed tomography
CVA:
cerebrovascular accident
CVL:
central venous catheter (line)
CVo2:
mixed venous oxygen content
CVP:
central venous pressure
CVR:
cerebrovascular resistance
CW:
compliance of chest wall
CYPs:
cytochrome P450 enzymes
DAG:
diacylglycerol
DBS:
double burst stimulation
DCA:
dichloroacetate
DCD:
donation after cardiac death
DDAVP:
desmopressin (1-desamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin)
DDH:
developmental dysplasia of the hip
DHCA:
deep hypothermic circulatory arrest
DI:
diabetes insipidus
DIC:
disseminated intravascular coagulation
DLT:
double-lumen tube
DMD:
Duchenne's muscular dystrophy
DNR:
do not resuscitate
2,3-DPG:
2,3-diphosphoglycerate
DPL:
diagnostic peritoneal lavage
DRG:
dorsal respiratory group of neurons
DTPA:
gadolinium diethylenetriaminepenta-acetic acid
EACA:
ε-aminocaproic acid
EAST:
enzyme allergosorbent test
EBV:
estimated blood volume
ECF:
extracellular fluid
ECG:
electrocardiogram, electrocardiography, electrocardiographic
ECMO:
extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
ED50m:
median effective dose
EDP:
end-diastolic pressure
EDRF:
endothelium-derived relaxing factor
EDV:
end-diastolic volume
EEG:
electroencephalogram, electroencephalograph, electroencephalographic
EF:
ejection fraction
EGD:
esophagogastroduodenoscopy
EGF:
epidermal growth factor
ELBW:
extremely low birth weight
EMD:
electromechanical dissociation
EMG:
electromyogram, electromyography, electromyographic
EMLA (cream):
eutectic mixture of local anesthetics, 2.5% lidocaine, and 2.5% prilocaine
EMTALA:
Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act
ENaC:
epithelial sodium specific channel
ENT:
ear, nose, and throat
ERV:
expiratory reserve volume
ESRD:
end-stage renal disease
ESS:
endoscopic sinus surgery
ESV:
end-systolic volume
ESWS:
end-systolic wall stress
ET:
endotracheal
ETC:
electron transport chain
ETT:
endotracheal tube
EXIT:
ex utero intrapartum therapy
f:
respiratory frequency
FAST:
focused abdominal sonogram for trauma
FDA:
Food and Drug Administration
FEO2:
fraction of mixed expired oxygen
FES:
fat embolism syndrome
FEV1:
forced expiratory volume at 1 second
FFA:
free fatty acids
FFP:
fresh frozen plasma
FGF:
fibroblast growth factor
FHH:
familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
FIO2:
fraction of inspired oxygen
FISH:
fluorescent in situ hybridization
FOB:
fiberoptic bronchoscope
FRC:
functional residual capacity
FS-EMG:
frequency sweep electromyogram
FSMB:
Federation of State Medical Boards
FVC:
forced vital capacity
Gaw:
airway conductance (reciprocal of Raw)
GCS:
Glasgow Coma Scale
GER:
gastroesophageal reflux
GERD:
gastroesophageal reflux disease
GFR:
glomerular filtration rate
GH:
growth hormone
GMP:
guanosine monophosphate
GP:
glycoprotein
GVHS:
graft-versus-host disease
four Hs:
Hypovolemia, Hypoxemia, Hypothermia, and Hyperkalemia
Hb:
hemoglobin
HbA:
hemoglobin A
HbA2:
hemoglobin A2
HbF:
fetal hemoglobin
HbS:
hemoglobin S
HbSA:
sickle cell trait
HbSC:
sickle cell C disease
HbA1C:
glycosylated hemoglobin
Hct:
hematocrit
HCV:
hepatitis C virus
HES:
hydroxyethyl starch
HFJV:
high-frequency jet ventilation
HFO:
high-frequency oscillatory ventilation
HFV:
high-frequency ventilation
HHPR:
hereditary hypophosphatemic rickets
HIPAA:
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996
HLHS:
hypoplastic left heart syndrome
HMD:
hyaline membrane disease (IRDS)
HME:
heat and moisture exchanger
HMWK:
high-molecular-weight kininogen
HPA:
hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (axis)
HPV:
hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction
HR:
heart rate
HR:
hormonal resuscitation
HSR:
heat storage rate
5-HT:
5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin)
IAA:
interrupted aortic arch
IASP:
International Association for the Study of Pain
IC:
inspiratory capacity
ICF:
intracellular fluid
ICP:
intracranial pressure
ICROP:
International Classification of Retinopathy of Prematurity
ICU:
intensive care unit
ID:
internal (or inner) diameter
IFNγ:
interferon γ
IL:
interleukin
ILIH:
ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric
INM:
intraoperative neurophysiologic monitoring
INR:
international normalized ratio
IOP:
intraocular pressure
IP3:
inositol triphosphate
IPPV:
intermittent positive-pressure ventilation
IRB:
institutional review board
IRDS:
idiopathic (infantile) respiratory distress syndrome
IRV:
inspiratory reserve volume
ISCs:
irreversibly sickled cells
ITP:
idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
ITV:
inspiratory impedance threshold valve
IVC:
inferior vena cava
IVRA:
intravenous regional anesthesia
JCAHO:
Joint Commission for the Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations
JET:
junctional ectopic tachycardia
JRA:
juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
KIU:
kallikrein inactivator unit
KTP laser:
potassium (kalium) titanyl phosphate laser
LA:
left atrium, left atrial
LAGB:
laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding
LBW:
low birth weight
LD50:
median lethal dose
LEAN:
lidocaine, epinephrine, atropine, and naloxone
LES:
lower esophageal sphincter
LET:
lidocaine/epinephrine/tetracaine
LFC:
lateral femoral cutaneous (nerve)
LGA:
large-for-gestational age
LHR:
lung-to-head ratio
LIM:
line-isolation monitor
LIP:
lipoid interstitial pneumonia
LMA:
laryngeal mask airway
LRI:
lower respiratory tract infection
LTA4:
leukotriene A4
LTB4:
leukotriene B4
LTC4:
leukotriene C4
LTD4:
leukotriene D4
LV:
left ventricle, left ventricular
LVAD:
left ventricular assist device
LVOT:
left ventricular outflow tract
MABL:
maximum allowable blood loss
MAC:
minimum alveolar concentration
MAP:
mean arterial blood pressure
MAST:
military antishock trousers
MBT:
mean body temperature
MCHC:
mean corpuscular hemoglobin content
MCV:
mean corpuscular volume
MDI:
metered-dose inhaler
MDMA:
3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (“ecstasy”)
MEFV:
maximum expiratory flow-volume (curve)
MEN:
multiple endocrine neoplasia (syndrome)
MEP:
motor evoked potential
MFS:
Marfan syndrome
MH:
malignant hyperthermia
MHC:
major histocompatibility
MHCPB:
moderate hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass
MHS:
malignant hyperthermia susceptible
MIBG:
meta-iodobenzylguanidine
MMC:
myelomeningocele
MMEFR:
maximum mid-expiratory flow rate (same as FEF25-75)
MMEP:
myogenic motor evoked potential
MMF:
mycophenolate mofetil
MMS:
masseter muscle spasm
MMWT:
Modified Maintenance of Wakefulness Test
MODS:
multiple organ dysfunction syndrome
MPD:
maximum permissible dose
MPP:
myocardial perfusion pressure
MPS:
mucopolysaccharidosis
MRA:
magnetic resonance angiography
MRI:
magnetic resonance imaging
MST:
mean skin temperature
MSK:
median nerve evoked potential
MUF:
modified ultrafiltration
NAPA:
N-acetyl procainamide
NCHS:
National Center for Health Statistics
N-CPAP:
nasal continuous positive airway pressure
NCQA:
National Committee for Quality Assurance
Nd:YAG laser:
neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser
NEC:
necrotizing enterocolitis
NFκB:
nuclear factor-κB
NICO:
noninvasive cardiac output
NIH:
National Institutes of Health
NIPS:
Neonatal Infant Pain Scale
NIRS:
near infrared spectroscopy
NMDA:
N-methyl-D-aspartate
NMEP:
neurogenic motor evoked potential
NMJ:
neuromuscular junction
NMS:
neurolept malignant syndrome
NO:
nitric oxide
NPSF:
National Patient Safety Foundation
NPT2a:
type IIa Na+/P- electrogenic cotransporter
NPTR:
National Pediatric Trauma Registry
NSAID:
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
OCR:
oculocardiac reflex
OD:
outer diameter
OER:
oculoemetic reflex
OHRP:
Office for Human Research Protections
OI:
osteogenesis imperfecta
OIG:
Office of the Inspector General
OLT:
orthotopic liver transplantation
OPTN:
Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network
ORR:
oculorespiratory reflex
OSA:
obstructive sleep apnea
OSAS:
obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
OSHA:
Occupational Safety and Health Administration
OTFC:
oral transmucosal fentanyl citrate
P50:
arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) at 50% hemoglobin saturation
PA:
pulmonary artery
PA:
alveolar pressure
Pa:
arterial partial pressure of dissolved gas
PABD:
preoperative autologous blood donation
PACAD:
phased chest and abdominal compression-decompression
PACU:
postanesthesia care unit
PAE:
paradoxical air embolism
PAF:
platelet-activating factor
PAH:
para-aminohippuric acid
PAI:
plasminogen activator inhibitor
Palv:
alveolar pressure
PALS:
pediatric advanced life support
PaCO2:
arterial carbon dioxide tension
Pao:
airway opening pressure
PaO2:
arterial oxygen tension (or partial pressure)
PAPVC:
partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection
PB:
atmospheric pressure
PBF:
pulmonary blood flow
PC:
phosphatidylcholine
PCA:
postconceptional age
PCA:
patient-controlled analgesia
PCEA:
patient-controlled epidural anesthesia
PCO2:
partial pressure of carbon dioxide
PCP:
phencyclidine
PCWP:
pulmonary capillary wedge pressure
PDA:
patent ductus arteriosus
PDPH:
postdural puncture headache
PE:
phosphatidylethanolamine
PEA:
pulseless electrical activity
PEEP:
positive end-expiratory pressure
PEFR:
peak expiratory flow rate
PEG:
percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy
PEmax:
maximum expiratory pressure
PET:
positron emission tomography
PETCO2:
end-tidal carbon dioxide tension
PFC:
persistent fetal circulation
PFO:
patent foramen ovale
PG:
phosphatidylglycerol
PGE1:
prostaglandin E1
PGE2:
prostaglandin E2
PGF2a:
prostaglandin F2a
PHBQ:
Posthospitalization Behavior Questionnaire
pHi:
intracellular pH
PICU:
pediatric intensive care unit
PImax:
maximum inspiratory pressure
PIP:
peak inspiratory pressure
PIVKA:
proteins induced in vitamin K's absence
PLA:
perilaryngeal airway
PMCA:
plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase
PNB:
peripheral nerve block
PO2:
partial pressure of oxygen
POCA:
Pediatric Perioperative Cardiac Arrests (Registry)
POG:
Pediatric Oncology Group
PONV:
postoperative nausea and vomiting
POPE:
postobstructive pulmonary edema
PPHN:
persistent pulmonary hypertension of the neonate (or newborn)
PPIA:
parental presence during induction of anesthesia
Ppl:
pleural pressure
PRA:
plasma rennin activity
PRBCs:
packed red blood cells
PRG:
pontine respiratory group of neurons
PRIMACORP:
Prophylactic Intravenous Use of Milrinone After Cardiac Operation in Pediatrics
PS:
phosphatidylserine
PS:
physical status (with ASA levels)
Pstl:
static recoil pressure of the lungs
PT:
prothrombin time
PTH:
parathyroid hormone
PTHrP:
parathyroid hormone—related peptide
PTLD:
posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease
PTT:
partial thromboplastin time
PV:
pulmonary venous pressure
PVC:
polyvinylchloride
PVC:
premature ventricular contraction
PVO2:
venous oxygen tension
PVR:
pulmonary vascular resistance
:
pulmonary blood flow
L ➙ R:
left-to-right shunt
P/ S:
pulmonary-to-systemic blood flow ratio
QA:
quality assurance
QI:
quality improvement
R:
resistance
ΔR:
viscoelastic component of Rrs
RA:
right atrium, right atrial
RAD:
reactive airways disease
RAE tube:
Ring-Adair-Elwyn endotracheal tube
RAR:
rapidly adapting (irritant) receptor
RAST:
radioallergosorbent test
Raw:
airway resistance
RBC:
red blood cell
RBF:
renal blood flow
RCM:
radiocontrast media
REM:
rapid eye movement
RF:
radiofrequency
rFVIIa:
recombinant factor VIIa
RIA:
radioimmunoassay
Rint:
resistive component of Rrs
ROP:
retinopathy of prematurity
ROSC:
return of spontaneous circulation
RPF:
renal plasma flow
Rrs:
total resistance of the respiratory system
RSD:
reflex sympathetic dystrophy
RSP:
radial nerve evoked potential
RSV:
respiratory syncytial virus
Rus:
airway resistance of upstream segment
RV:
residual volume
RV:
right ventricle, right ventricular
RVOT:
right ventricular outflow tract
RYR:
ryanodine receptor
RYR1:
type I ryanodine receptor
SaO2:
arterial SO2
SAMBA:
Society for Ambulatory Anesthesia
SAR:
specific absorption rate
SAR:
slowly adapting (pulmonary stretch) receptor
SBE:
subacute bacterial endocarditis
SCD:
sickle cell disease
SCFE:
slipped capital femoral epiphysis
SCT:
sacrococcygeal teratoma
SCV:
simultaneous ventilation with compression
SEP:
somatosensory evoked potential
SET:
signal extraction technology
SFLP:
selective fetoscopic laser photocoagulation
SGA:
small-for-gestational-age
SIADH:
syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone
SIC:
systemic intravascular coagulation
SIDS:
sudden infant death syndrome
SIRS:
systemic inflammatory response syndrome
SLE:
systemic lupus erythematosus
SLV:
single-lung ventilation
SNGFR:
single-nephron glomerular filtration rate
SO2:
oxygen saturation of hemoglobin
SOBA:
Society for Office-Based Anesthesia
SPA:
Society for Pediatric Anesthesia
SP-A (B, C, D):
surfactant protein A (B, C, D)
SPECT:
single-photon emission computed tomography
SpO2:
SO2 measured with pulse oximetry
SR:
sarcoplasmic reticulum
SSEP:
somatosensory evoked potential
SSRI:
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor
SSRU:
short-stay recovery unit
SV:
stroke volume
SVC:
superior vena cava
S O2:
mixed venous oxygen saturation
SVR:
systemic vascular resistance
SVT:
supraventricular tachycardia
T3:
triiodothyronine
T4:
thyroxine
four Ts:
Tension pneumothorax, pericardial Tamponade, Thromboembolism to the lungs, and Toxins
TAC:
tetracaine/Adrenalin (epinephrine)/cocaine
TAFI:
thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor
TA-GVHD:
transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease
TAPVC:
total anomalous pulmonary venous connection
TAR syndrome:
thrombocytopenia—absent radius syndrome
TBG:
thyroid-binding globulin
TBI:
total body irradiation
TBI:
traumatic brain injury
TBSA:
total body surface area
TBW:
total body weight
TCA:
tricyclic antidepressant
TCD:
transcranial Doppler
99Tc:
technetium-99m
Tc-DTPA:
99mTc-diethylenetriaminepenta-acetic acid
TE:
expiratory time
TEE:
transesophageal echocardiography
TEF:
tracheoesophageal fistula
TEG:
thromboelastography
TENS:
transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation
TF:
tissue factor
TFPI:
tissue factor pathway inhibitor
TGA:
transposition of the great arteries
TGFβ:
transforming growth factor-β
THAM:
tromethamine, or tris-[hydroxymethyl]aminomethane
THC:
tetrahydrocannabinol
TI:
inspiratory time
TI/TTOT:
respiratory duty cycle
TIVA:
total intravenous anesthesia
TLC:
total lung capacity
TmG:
maximal tubular glucose
TMJ:
temporomandibular joint
TMP:
transmembrane pressure
TNFα:
tumor necrosis factor-α
TOF:
train-of-four
TPA:
tissue plasminogen activator
TPG:
transpulmonary gradient
TPN:
total parenteral nutrition
TRALI:
transfusion-related acute lung injury
TRAP:
twin reversed arterial perfusion sequence
TSP:
tibial somatosensory evoked potential
TT:
tracheal tube
TTF-1:
thyroid-transcription factor-1
TTKG:
transtubular potassium gradient
TTOT:
total respiratory time (T1 + TE)
TTTS:
twin-twin transfusion syndrome
T-tubule:
transverse tubule
TXA2:
thromboxane A2
UCP:
uncoupling protein
UGT:
uridine 5′-diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferase
UMSS:
University of Michigan Sedation Scale
UNOS:
United Network of Organ Sharing
URI:
upper respiratory tract infection
USP:
ulnar nerve evoked potential
UW solution:
University of Wisconsin solution
A/ :
ventilation/pulmonary perfusion ratio
E:
minute volume ( = VT × f = VT/TI × TI/TTOT)
max25:
maximum expiratory flow at 25% FVC (FEF75 or MEF25)
O2:
oxygen consumption
VACTERL:
vertebral, anal, cardiac, tracheal, esophageal, renal, and limb
VAD:
ventricular assist device
VAE:
venous air embolus
VATER:
vertebral defects, imperforate anus, tracheoesophageal fistula, radial and renal dysplasia)
VAVD:
vacuum-assist venous drainage
VC:
vital capacity
Vcf:
velocity of circumferential fiber shortening
VDR:
vitamin D (calcitriol) receptor
VE:
volume of expired gas (air)
VEP:
visual evoked potential
VF:
ventricular fibrillation
VI:
volume of inspired air (mL/min)
VIP:
vasoactive intestinal peptide
Viso :
volume of isoflow
VLBW:
very low birth weight
VMA:
3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-vanillyl-mandelic acid
VPB:
ventricular premature beat
VRG:
ventral respiratory group of neurons
VSD:
ventricular septal defect
VSN:
vagal nerve stimulation
VT/TI:
mean inspiratory flow (neural drive)
VT:
ventricular tachycardia
VT:
tidal volume
vWF:
von Willebrand factor
WHO:
World Health Organization
XLH:
X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets