Ab |
antibody |
ABGA |
anti-basalganglia antibody |
ACE |
angiotensin-convertingenzyme |
AchR |
acetylcholinereceptor |
ACLA |
anti-cardiolipin antibody |
ACTH |
adrenocorticotropic hormone |
ADEM |
acutedemyelinatingencephalomyelitis |
ADC |
AIDSdementia complex |
AECA |
anti-endothelial cell antibody |
AFP |
alpha fetoprotein |
Ag |
antigen |
AHLAI |
acutehemorrhagicleukoencephalitis antibodyindex |
AIDP |
acute inflammatory demyelinatingpoly-neuropathy |
AIDS |
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome |
AIP |
acuteintermittent porphyria |
ALD |
adrenoleukodystrophy |
ALL |
acutelymphoblastic leukemia |
ALS |
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis |
ALS |
5-aminolevulinic acid |
ALT |
alanine aminotransferase |
AMA |
anti-mitochondria antibody |
AMAN |
acutemotor axonal neuropathy |
AMSAN |
acute motorand sensoryaxonal neuropathy |
ANA |
antinuclear antibody |
ANab |
antineural antibody |
ANCA |
anti-neutrophilcytoplasmic antibody |
ANNA |
anti-neuronal nuclear antibody |
APAAP |
alkalinephosphatase anti-alkaline phosphatase |
APase |
alkaline phosphatase |
ApoE |
apolipoproteinE |
APP |
amyloid precursor protein |
APS |
antiphospholipid syndrome |
aPTT |
activated partialthromboplastin time |
ASA |
acetylsalicylic acid |
ASL |
antistreptolysin (titer) |
ASAT |
aspartateaminotransferase |
ATG |
anti-thymocyte globulin |
ATPase |
adenosinetriphosphatase |
bAk |
Bundesarztekammer (GermanMedical Association) |
bDNA |
branched DNA |
BGA |
blood gasanalysis |
BHI |
brain-heart infusion |
BJP |
BenceJones protein |
BMI |
bodymassindex |
bp |
base pair |
CADASIL |
cerebralautosomaldominantarteriopathy with subcortical infarcts andleukoencephal-opathy |
CANOMAD |
chronic ataxic neuropathy, ophthalmoplegia, IgMparaprotein, cold agglutinins, and disialosyl antibodies |
CC |
cell count |
CCT |
cranial computed tomography |
CD |
clusterofdifferentiation |
CDC |
Centersfor Disease Control andPrevention |
CT |
computedtomography |
CDG |
carbohydrate-deficient glycoprotein |
cDNA |
complementaryDNA |
CDR |
complementarydeterminingregion |
CDT |
carbohydrate-deficienttransferrin |
CEA |
carcinoembryonic antigen |
CEE |
Central European encephalitis |
CFT |
complementfixation test |
CHD |
coronary heart disease |
CIDP |
chronic inflammatorydemyelinatingpoly-neuropathy |
CJD |
Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease |
CK |
creatine kinase |
CMT |
Charcot-Marie-Toothdisease |
CMV |
cytomegalovirus |
CNPase |
cyclic nucleotidephosphohydrolase |
CNS |
central nervoussystem |
COHb |
carboxyhemoglobin |
COX |
cytochrome coxidase |
CPE |
cytopathic effect |
CPEO |
chronic progressiveexternalophthalmoplegia |
CREST |
calcinosis, Raynaud'sphenomenon, esophageal dysfunction, sclerodactyly, and telangiectasia |
CRH |
corticotropin-releasing hormone |
CRMP |
collapsin-responsive mediator protein |
CRP |
C-reactive protein |
CSF |
cerebrospinalfluid |
CV |
coefficient of variation |
CZF |
cerebellar zincfinger |
DAD |
diabetes mellitusand deafness |
DGUOK |
deoxyguanosine kinase |
DNA |
deoxyribonucleic acid |
dsDNA |
double-strandedDNA |
DST |
dexamethasone suppression test |
DTR |
deep tendon reflexes |
EBV |
Epstein-Barr virus |
EEG |
electroencephalogram |
EDTA |
ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid |
EIA |
enzymeimmunoassay |
EITB |
enzyme-linkedimmunoelectrotransfer blot |
ELISA |
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay |
EM |
electron microscopy |
EMA |
epithelialmembraneantigen |
ENA |
extractable nuclear antigen |
ERG |
electroretinogram |
ESR |
erythrocyte sedimentationrate |
ET |
essentialthrombocythemia |
FABP |
fatty-acid-binding protein |
FFI |
fatal familial insomnia |
FDG-PET |
positron emissiontomographyusing fluoro-deoxyglucose |
FIA |
fluorescence immunoassay |
FITC |
fluorescein isothiocyanate |
FPIA |
fluorescence-polarization immunoassay |
FRDA |
Friedreich'sataxia |
FSH |
follicle-stimulatinghormone |
FSHD |
facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy |
FSME |
Fruhsommer-Meningo-Encephalitis (r CEE, TBE) |
FT3 |
free triiodothyronine |
FT4 |
free thyroxine |
FTA-ABS |
fluorescenttreponemal antibodyabsorption |
FTD |
frontotemporal dementia |
FTDP-17 |
frontotemporal dementia with parkinsonism linkedtochromosome 17 |
FTLD |
frontotemporal lobar degeneration |
GAD |
glutamate decarboxylase |
GalNAc |
N-acetylgalactosamine |
GBS |
Guillian-Barre syndrome |
GC |
gaschromatography |
GFAP |
glial fibrillaryacidic protein |
GGT |
gamma-glutamyl transferase |
GH |
growthhormone |
GLG |
gasliquid chromatography |
GOT |
glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase |
GPL |
IgG-phospholipid antibody unit |
GPT |
glutamate pyruvate transaminase |
GROD |
granular osmophilic deposits |
GSS |
Gerstmann-Strausslersyndrome |
HAI |
hemagglutination inhibition assay |
Hb |
hemoglobin |
HbA1c |
glycosylated hemoglobin |
HBV |
hepatitis Bvirus |
HbS |
sickle cell hemoglobin |
HC |
homocysteine |
hCG |
human chorionic gonadotropin |
HCP |
hereditarycoproporphyria |
Hct |
hematocrit |
HCV |
hepatitis Cvirus |
HD |
Huntington'sdisease |
HDL |
high-density lipoprotein |
HE |
hematoxylin-eosin |
HIV |
human immunodeficiency virus |
HLA |
human leukocyteantigen |
HMSN |
hereditarymotor sensoryneuropathy |
HNA |
hereditary neuralgicamyotrophy |
HNPP |
hereditaryneuropathywith liabilityto pressurepalsy |
HSAN |
hereditary sensory andautonomic neuropathy |
HPLC |
high-pressure liquid chromatography |
HRP |
horseradishperoxidase |
HSP |
heatshock protein |
HSS |
Hallervorden-Spatzsyndrome |
HSV |
herpes simplexvirus |
IBM |
inclusionbodymyositis |
ICAM |
intracellular adhesion molecule |
ICP |
intracranial pressure |
IDL |
intermediate densitylipoprotein |
IEF |
isoelectric focusing |
IF |
intrathecal fraction |
IFT |
indirect immunofluorescence test |
Ig |
immunoglobulin |
IHA |
indirect hemagglutination |
IL |
interleukin |
INCAT |
Inflammatory NeuropathyCause and Treatment(group) |
INR |
international normalizedratio |
INSTAND |
Institutefor Standardizationand Documentation in theMedical Laboratory |
IRMA |
immunoradiometric assay |
ITPA |
intrathecal Treponema pallidum antibody |
JCV |
John Cunningham virus |
kDa |
kilodalton |
KSS |
Kearns-Sayre syndrome |
LAL |
Limulus amebocyte lysate |
LAMP |
lysosome-associatedmembrane protein |
LBD |
Lewybody dementia |
LC |
liquidchromatography |
LDH |
lactate dehydrogenase |
LDL |
low density lipoprotein |
LEMS |
Lambert-Eatonmyasthenic syndrome |
LH |
luteinizinghormone |
LHON |
Leber'shereditaryoptic atrophy |
LIA |
luminescenceimmunoassay |
LP |
lumbarpuncture |
LPL |
lipoprotein lipase |
LS |
Leigh'ssyndrome |
mAb |
monoclonal antibody |
MAD |
myoadenylate deaminase |
MADD |
myoadenylate deaminase deficiency |
MAG |
myelin-associatedglycoprotein |
Mb |
megabase |
MBP |
myelin basic protein |
MCH |
meancorpuscularhemoglobin |
MCTD |
mixedconnective tissuedisease |
MCV |
meancorpuscular volume |
MELAS |
mitochondrial encephalomyelopathy, lactic acidosis, and strokelikeepisodes |
MERRF |
myoclonus epilepsy with ragged-red fibers |
MetHb |
methemoglobin |
MFS |
Miller-Fischer syndrome |
MG |
myastheniagravis |
MGUS |
monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance |
MHC |
majorhistocompatibilitycomplex |
MID |
multi-infarctdementia |
MLD |
metachromaticleukodystrophy |
MMA |
methylmalonic acid |
MMN |
multifocal motor neuropathy |
MND |
muscle-specific tyrosine kinase |
MNGIE |
myoneurogenicgastrointestinal encephalopathy |
MOG |
myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein |
MPL |
IgM-phospholipid antibody unit |
MPO |
myeloperoxidase |
MPS |
mucopolysaccharidosis |
MRI |
magnetic resonanceimaging |
mRNA |
messengerRNA |
MRZ |
measles, rubella, (varicella) zoster |
MS |
multiple sclerosis |
MS |
mass spectrometry |
MSA |
multiple system atrophy |
MuSK |
muscle-specific(receptortyrosine)kinase |
MW |
molecular weight |
NAB |
neutralizingantibody |
NAD |
nicotinamideadeninedinucleotide |
NADH |
reducedform of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide |
NADH-TR |
ADHtetrazoliumreductase |
NARP |
neuropathywith ataxia andretinitis pigmentosa |
NASBA |
nucleic-acid-sequence-basedamplification |
NAT |
nucleic acid amplification technique |
NC |
nitrocellulose |
NCL |
neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis |
NF |
neurofilament |
NFT |
neurofibrillarytangle |
NHL |
non-Hodgkinlymphoma |
NMO |
neuromyelitis optica |
Nova |
neuro-oncological ventral antigen |
NSE |
neuron-specific enolase |
OCB |
oligoclonalIgG band |
OD |
optical density |
oGTT |
oralglucose tolerancetest |
OKT3 |
anti-CD3 monoclonalantibody |
OMS |
Opsoclonus-myoclonussyndrome |
OSP |
oligodendrocyte-specific protein |
Osp |
outersurface protein |
OTC |
ornithinetranscarbamylase |
PA |
progressiveaphasia |
PAGE |
polyacrylamide gelelectrophoresis |
PAI |
plasminogen activator inhibitor |
PACNS |
primaryangiitis of thecentral nervoussystem |
PAN |
polyarteritis nodosa |
PANDAS |
pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric dis-ordersassociated withstreptococcal Infections |
PAP |
peroxidase-anti-peroxidase |
PAS |
periodic-acid - Schiff |
PBG |
porphobilinogen |
PBG-D |
porphobilinogendeaminase |
PCA |
Purkinjecellantibody |
PCD |
paraneoplastic cerebellardegeneration |
PCNSL |
primaryCNS lymphoma |
PCR |
polymerase chain reaction |
PCT |
procalcitonin |
PDH |
pyruvatedehydrogenase |
PEEP |
positive end-expiratory pressure |
PEM |
paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis |
PERM |
progressive encephalitis with rigidity and myoclonus |
PET |
positron emissiontomography |
PHF |
pairedhelical filaments |
Pi |
inorganic phosphate |
pI |
isoelectric point |
PLAP |
placentalalkaline phosphatase |
PLP |
proteolipid protein |
PML |
progressivemultifocal leukoencephalopathy |
PMP |
peripheral myelinprotein |
PM-Scl |
polymyositis scleroderma |
PNP |
polyneuropathy |
PNS |
peripheral nervoussystem |
POEMS |
polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, Mprotein, and skin changes |
POLG |
polymerase gamma |
PPSB |
prothrombincomplex |
PrP |
prion protein |
PT |
prothrombintime |
PTT |
partial thromboplastin time |
PVDF |
polyvinylidene difluoride |
RBC |
redblood cell(count) |
RBP |
retinol-bindingprotein |
REAL |
Revised European American Lymphoma (classification) |
RIA |
radioimmunoassay |
rilibAk |
Richtlinien derBundesdrztekammer (Guidelines of theGermanFederal MedicalSociety) |
RNA |
ribonucleic acid |
RNP |
ribonucleoprotein |
RRA |
radioreceptor assay |
rRNA |
ribosomalRNA |
RT-PCR |
reverse transcriptase polymerasechain reaction |
RyR |
ryanodine receptor |
SAE |
subcortical arteriosclerotic encephalopathy |
SAH |
subarachnoid hemorrhage |
SAP |
sphingolipid activator protein |
SCA |
spinocerebellar ataxia |
sCD25 |
interleukin-2 receptor |
sCJD |
sporadicCreutzfeldt-Jacobdisease |
Scl-70 |
scleroderma 70-kDa antigen |
SCLC |
small-cell lung carcinoma |
SD |
standard deviation |
SD |
semanticdementia |
SDH |
succinatedehydrogenase |
SDS |
sodiumdodecyl sulfate |
SEP |
somatosensory evoked potential |
SGLPG |
sulfate-3-glucuronyl-neolactose paragloboside |
SGPG |
sulfate-3-glucuronyl paragloboside |
SGTC |
secondary generalizedtonic-clonic (seizures) |
SIADH |
syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone |
SIRS |
systemic inflammatoryresponse syndrome |
SLE |
systemic lupus erythematosus |
TPHA |
Treponemapallidum hemagglutination |
SMA |
spinal muscularatrophy |
TPLA |
Treponemapallidum latex agglutination |
SMN |
survival motorneuron |
TPO |
thyroidperoxidase |
SNE |
subacute necrotizing encephalopathy |
TPOAb |
thyroid peroxidase antibody |
SNV |
Sin Nombre virus |
TP-PA |
Treponemapallidum particle agglutination |
SPECT |
single photon emission computed tomography |
TRAb |
thyrotropin receptor antibody |
SPP |
spastic paraplegia(paraparesis) |
TRH |
thyrotropin-releasinghormone |
SPS |
stiffpersonsyndrome |
TSD |
Tay-Sachs disease |
SS |
Sjogren'ssyndrome |
TSH |
thyroid-stimulatinghormone |
SSN |
subacute sensoryneuronopathy |
TT |
thrombin time |
SSPE |
subacute sclerosingpanencephalitis |
TTR |
transthyretin (prealbumin) |
TBE |
tick-borne encephalitis |
vCJD |
variant Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease |
TBG |
thyroxine-binding globulin |
VDRL |
Venereal Disease Research Laboratory |
TCA |
trichloroacetic acid |
VEP |
visual evoked potential |
TDM |
therapeuticdrugmonitoring |
VGCC |
voltage-gated calciumchannels |
TFPI |
tissue factorpathway inhibitor |
VGKC |
voltage-gated potassiumchannels |
TGA, TgAb |
hyroglobulin antibody |
VLCFA |
verylongchain fattyacids |
TIA |
transientischemic attack(s) |
VLDL |
very lowdensity lipoprotein |
TLC |
thin-layer chromatography |
VlsE |
variable lipoprotein surfaceantigen of Borrelia |
TLE |
temporal lobe epilepsy |
VP |
variegate porphyria |
TNF |
tumor necrosis factor |
VZV |
varicella-zoster virus |
TP |
thymidinephosphorylase |
WHO |
World HealthOrganization |
Tp |
Treponemapallidum |
WNV |
West Nile virus |